What is GPON ?
GPON is an optical network technology used to realise FTTH concept.
Before going to GPON, let me quickly brief about FTTH.
What is FTTH?
FTTH (Fibre to the Home) is a way of delivering the communication signal over optical fibre from operators switching equipment to customer premises (home or business office). In the past this was done with the help of copper infrastructure like Coaxial or twisted pair cables. FTTH replaces the conventional copper to Fibre.
FTTH offers all the services like Voice, Video (Cable TV), High speed Internet from single CPE device.
GPON is a very popular technology used across the world, to realize FTTH solutions.
So What GPON is all about?
GPON stands for Gigabit Passive Optical Network.
ITU-T G.984 defines the standards for GPON
GPON is a successor of ATM based Passive Optical Network (APON) and Broadband based passive optical Network (BPON) which offered 622Mbps of downstream bandwidth and 155Mbps upstream bandwidth.
GPON provides much higher bandwidth compare to its predecessors i.e. 2.448 Gbps downstream bandwidth and 1.244 Gbps upstream bandwidth.
Where GPON is used?
It is used in the access network.
Elements of GPON Network.
GPON Network consists of an central office node OLT (Optical Line Terminal), ONT (Optical Network Terminal) present at customer premises, and a splitter between OLT & ONT
OLT acts as an interface between Service provider network and Customer Equipment.
GPON architecture eliminates the need of active elements between OLT and ONT thereby greatly reducing the cost and making it easier to maintain.
Features of GPON
A single optical fibre can carry multiple customer traffic from OLT to ONT in a TDM fashion.
GPON protocol permits a splitting of large customers split ratios up to 1:128. However, in practice the PONs are deployed with 1:32 split ratio. i.e. 32 customers' traffic is carried in a single fibre.
Both downstream and upstream traffics are carried in same fibre on 2 wavelengths i.e. 1490 nm for downstream traffic and 1310nm for upstream traffic.
The Maximum between OLT and ONT is 60 km
Why GPON is a passive network technology?
Before getting into this, let us know the concept of passive and active network.
Active networks consist of elements that require electrical power for working. Some of the active network elements are switch, router, multiplexers, etc. The customer traffic is managed and directed to the specific destination with the help of these active network elements.
In case of Passive Networks, passive elements like optical splitters are used to separate the customer traffic.
Since GPON uses optical splitters which is a passive element, the technology is called Passive optical Networks.
What is the advantage?
GPON offers low cost solution for high data rate customer application with minimal maintenance.
Quick Snapshot
GPON - Gigabit Passive Optical Network
ITU -T Standard - G.984
Predecessor - APON ( ATM based Passive Optical Network) / BPON(Broadband based Passive Optical Network) with 622Mbps of downstream
GPON is an optical network technology used to realise FTTH concept.
Before going to GPON, let me quickly brief about FTTH.
What is FTTH?
FTTH (Fibre to the Home) is a way of delivering the communication signal over optical fibre from operators switching equipment to customer premises (home or business office). In the past this was done with the help of copper infrastructure like Coaxial or twisted pair cables. FTTH replaces the conventional copper to Fibre.
FTTH offers all the services like Voice, Video (Cable TV), High speed Internet from single CPE device.
GPON is a very popular technology used across the world, to realize FTTH solutions.
So What GPON is all about?
GPON stands for Gigabit Passive Optical Network.
ITU-T G.984 defines the standards for GPON
GPON is a successor of ATM based Passive Optical Network (APON) and Broadband based passive optical Network (BPON) which offered 622Mbps of downstream bandwidth and 155Mbps upstream bandwidth.
GPON provides much higher bandwidth compare to its predecessors i.e. 2.448 Gbps downstream bandwidth and 1.244 Gbps upstream bandwidth.
Where GPON is used?
It is used in the access network.
Elements of GPON Network.
GPON Network consists of an central office node OLT (Optical Line Terminal), ONT (Optical Network Terminal) present at customer premises, and a splitter between OLT & ONT
OLT acts as an interface between Service provider network and Customer Equipment.
GPON architecture eliminates the need of active elements between OLT and ONT thereby greatly reducing the cost and making it easier to maintain.
Features of GPON
A single optical fibre can carry multiple customer traffic from OLT to ONT in a TDM fashion.
GPON protocol permits a splitting of large customers split ratios up to 1:128. However, in practice the PONs are deployed with 1:32 split ratio. i.e. 32 customers' traffic is carried in a single fibre.
Both downstream and upstream traffics are carried in same fibre on 2 wavelengths i.e. 1490 nm for downstream traffic and 1310nm for upstream traffic.
The Maximum between OLT and ONT is 60 km
Why GPON is a passive network technology?
Before getting into this, let us know the concept of passive and active network.
Active networks consist of elements that require electrical power for working. Some of the active network elements are switch, router, multiplexers, etc. The customer traffic is managed and directed to the specific destination with the help of these active network elements.
In case of Passive Networks, passive elements like optical splitters are used to separate the customer traffic.
Since GPON uses optical splitters which is a passive element, the technology is called Passive optical Networks.
What is the advantage?
GPON offers low cost solution for high data rate customer application with minimal maintenance.
Quick Snapshot
GPON - Gigabit Passive Optical Network
ITU -T Standard - G.984
Predecessor - APON ( ATM based Passive Optical Network) / BPON(Broadband based Passive Optical Network) with 622Mbps of downstream
and 155Mbps of upstream bandwidth.
GPON bandwidth - 2.448Gps downstream
1.244Gbps Upstream
Advancement in GPON- XGPON( ITU-T G.987) / 10Gbps downstream & 2.5Gbps Upstream WDM PON
Advancement in GPON- XGPON( ITU-T G.987) / 10Gbps downstream & 2.5Gbps Upstream WDM PON
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